What Is HMVP Virus-China’s Recent Pandemic-Like Outbreak? Explained – News18

Last Updated:January 03, 2025, 16:02 IST

A comprehensive study of HMVP, including its symptoms, prevention measures, and management during the Chinese outbreak.

China has been hit by another virus five years after the Covid-19 pandemic. Panic is being caused by the human metapneumovirus (HMPV) spreading throughout the nation. Online videos depict congested hospitals amid an increase in several infections, such as Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Influenza A. Although authorities have not acknowledged it, sources claim that the outbreak has led China to declare a state of emergency. What is the HMPV virus, though?

Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) typically produces symptoms that resemble the common cold. It frequently results in upper respiratory infections, but it can also exacerbate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), trigger flare-ups of asthma, or cause lower respiratory infections like pneumonia. Infections with HMPV are more frequent in the winter and early spring.

HMPV usually strikes before the age of five. HMPV can recur, but after your initial infection, symptoms are typically minimal.

Symptoms of HMVP:

• Although some people may become seriously ill, human metapneumovirus often causes symptoms that resemble a cold.
• Young children are more susceptible to serious disease because the first time you have HMPV, you are more likely to become seriously ill.
• After your initial infection, you develop some immunity, which increases your risk of experiencing mild, cold-like symptoms if you contract HMPV again.
• Severe symptoms may also be experienced by adults over 65, those with respiratory issues, and those with compromised immune systems.

Common symptoms of human metapneumovirus include:

• Cough.
• Fever.
• Runny or stuffy nose.
• Sore throat.
• Wheezing.
• Shortness of breath (dyspnea).
• Rash.

Causes of human metapneumovirus?

HMPV is caused by a virus, which is a little microorganism that uses your cells to replicate. It belongs to the same family of viruses that cause mumps, measles, and RSV.

How does the human metapneumovirus spread?

HMPV is transmitted by direct contact with an infected person or by coming into contact with infected objects.

For example:

• Sneezing and coughing.
• Hugging, kissing, or shaking hands.
• Touching devices or surfaces, such as toys, doorknobs, phones, or keyboards.

What side effects can human metapneumovirus cause?

HMPV can occasionally result in difficulties. These could be severe enough to necessitate hospitalisation. Among them are:

• Bronchiolitis.
• Bronchitis.
• Pneumonia.
• Asthma or COPD flare-ups.
• Ear infection (otitis media).

How can one diagnose human metapneumovirus?

HMPV is typically diagnosed by medical professionals based on your medical history and symptoms. They may take a sample from your throat or nose using a swab, which is a soft-tipped stick. The sample is examined in a lab for viruses and other diseases. Remember that unless you have severe symptoms, you are unlikely to get tested for HMPV.

To check for alterations in your lungs’ airways, your doctor may occasionally additionally perform a bronchoscopy or chest X-ray.

What is the treatment for human metapneumovirus?

Human metapneumovirus cannot be treated with antiviral drugs. Until they feel better, the majority of people can manage their symptoms at home.

You may need to be admitted to the hospital if you or your child are very sick. Healthcare professionals can keep an eye on your health there and assist in keeping you from getting worse. They could give you:

1. Oxygen therapy: A healthcare professional may use a mask on your face or a tube in your nose to give you more oxygen if you’re experiencing trouble breathing.
2. Intravenous Fluids: You can stay hydrated by receiving fluids intravenously (IV).
3. Corticosteroids: Steroids may alleviate some of your symptoms by reducing inflammation.

Is it possible to avoid contracting a human metapneumovirus?

You can lower your chance of contracting infectious diseases like HMPV by:

• Frequent hand washing with soap and water. Use an alcohol-based hand sanitiser if you are unable to wash your hands with soap and water.
• When you cough or sneeze, cover your mouth and nose with your elbow rather than your bare hand.
• When you or someone else has a cold or any contagious illness, stay away from them.
• If you’re ill and unable to avoid others, think about donning a mask.
• Do not touch your mouth, nose, eyes, or face.
• Food and dining utensils (spoons, cups, and forks) should never be shared.

Knowing HMVP and taking preventative action are essential as the globe prepares for yet another possible health emergency. Risks can be reduced and lives can be saved by being informed and following health advice.